Summary

Eligibility
for people ages 40-89 (full criteria)
Healthy Volunteers
healthy people welcome
Location
at UC Davis
Dates
study started
completion around
Principal Investigator
by Daniel Herman, MD, PhD (ucdavis)

Description

Summary

This study aims to investigate factors that affect the subjective experience of pain during and after intra-articular knee joint injection of steroids by comparing needle gauge size (22 G vs 25 G needles), as well as the presence or absence of topical ethyl chloride spray. Additionally, this study will investigate the effects of other various factors on patients' pain associated with the injection. Lastly, this study aims to determine the effect of patients' subjective pain from the injection on long-term clinical outcomes.

Specific aims are as follows:

Aim 1): Determine the effect of needle gauge size on patient reported pain associated with an ultrasound-guided intra-articular knee injection.

Aim 2): Determine the effect of ethyl chloride spray on patient reported pain associated with an ultrasound-guided intra-articular knee injection.

Aim 3): Determine the effect of sex, age, BMI, thigh size, severity of OA, and fear of needles on patient pain associated with an ultrasound-guided intra-articular knee injection.

Aim 4) Determine the effect of patient pain from the procedure on longer term clinical outcomes after an ultrasound-guided intra-articular knee steroid injection.

Researchers will obtain data at various time points, including pre-procedural data, immediately after the procedure, 24-48 hours after, and 6 weeks post-procedure.

Participants will:

Consent to receiving an intra-articular knee joint injection with steroids if indicated.

Score their "procedural" pain immediately following the procedure, score their post-procedural "soreness" 24-48 hours after via telephone call, and score their overall knee pain about 6 weeks after the procedure via telephone call.

Details

Hypotheses to be tested:

Hypothesis 1): Patients who receive an ultrasound-guided intra-articular knee steroid injection with a 25G needle will report less pain from the procedure at the time of the procedure and less procedure-related pain 24-48 hours after the procedure

Hypothesis 2) Patients who receive an ultrasound-guided intra-articular knee steroid injection with use of ethyl chloride with a given needle gauge will report less pain from the procedure at the time of the procedure and 24-48 hours after the procedure

Hypothesis 3) Higher thigh circumference and fear of needles will be associated with higher levels of pain from the procedure at the time of the procedure and 24-48 hours after the procedure

Hypothesis 4) Higher levels of patient pain during the injection procedure will be associated with lower improvements in knee osteoarthritis pain and knee functional scores at 6 weeks.

There is evidence to suggest that by effectively altering certain parameters and techniques such as needle gauge diameter, speed of administration, and angle of needle during subcutaneous injection of local anesthetic, one can effectively improve the subjective experience of the patient. Evidence also suggests that choice of needle gauge size - which is at the discretion of the practitioner - may be inversely proportional to patient's perception of pain during an injection procedure. Topical anesthesia, such as via the use of ethyl chloride spray (which is also at the discretion of the practitioner), may also modify procedural pain. Furthermore, some studies suggest a correlation between patients' pain during a procedure and their clinical outcomes from the injection.

However, the current research is primarily composed of studies investigating subcutaneous injections (e.g. insulin or vaccination injections) using relatively small needle gauges, or of anesthetic injections in the spine. As such, there is very limited research on factors which may impact peripheral joint injections. Furthermore, there is a paucity of information regarding the effect of patient factors such as age, sex, limb size, anxiety, and fear of needles on the perception of pain during peripheral intra-articular injections.

Additional knowledge regarding the use of different needle gauge and/or the use of local anesthetic may help guide physician treatment patterns with the goal of optimizing patient satisfaction. Additionally, by obtaining subjective data at multiple time points, including 6 weeks post-injection, investigators hope to determine if differences in patient experience with the procedure is associated with patient outcomes.

Keywords

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the Knee, Fear of Needles, pain perception, needle gauge, ethyl chloride, corticosteroid injection, 25G versus 22G, Osteoarthritis, Anesthetics, 25 gauge needle, 22 gauge needle, +/- Ethyl Chloride Topical Aerosol Anesthetic

Eligibility

You can join if…

Open to people ages 40-89

  1. age ≥ 40 years
  2. fulfillment of the American College of Rheumatology criteria for knee OA
  3. confirmation of knee-related pain and/or functional loss by clinical examination.
  4. Patients with either
    1. bilateral knee OA/injections, or
    2. unilateral knee OA/injections.
  5. Agreed to an intra-articular knee joint injection with steroids
  6. Naive to use of ethyl chloride

You CAN'T join if...

  1. Arthroscopy of the index knee(s) within the prior 6 months
  2. Steroid injection of the knee(s) within the prior 3 months
  3. Hyaluronic acid or platelet-rich plasma injection of the knee within the prior 6 months
  4. Patient reported prior injection of any type with ethyl chloride spray
  5. Knee effusion requiring aspiration at the time of the procedure
  6. Cognitively impaired individuals

Location

  • UC Davis Sports Medicine Clinic
    Sacramento California 95817 United States

Lead Scientist at University of California Health

  • Daniel Herman, MD, PhD (ucdavis)
    Associate Professor, MED: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine. Authored (or co-authored) 42 research publications

Details

Status
not yet accepting patients
Start Date
Completion Date
(estimated)
Sponsor
University of California, Davis
ID
NCT06865170
Phase
Phase 4 research study
Study Type
Interventional
Participants
Expecting 88 study participants
Last Updated