Biomarkers to Enhance Early Schizophrenia Treatment

Open to people ages 18-35

1. Aged 18 to 35.
2. DSM5 diagnosis (as determined by the SCID5) of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, schizophreniform disorder.
3. Current positive symptoms rated ≥4 (moderate) on one or more of the following BPRS positive subscale items: unusual thought content, conceptual disorganization, hallucinatory behavior, suspiciousness.
4. Preserved striatal connectivity, as determined by screening MRI scan
5. Absence of the MC4R high-risk genotype, as determined by genetic testing
6. Absence of the HLA-DQB1 high-risk genotype, as determined by genetic testing
7. In an early phase of illness as defined by having taken antipsychotic drugs for a cumulative lifetime period of 4 weeks or less (with exceptions of very low doses for other off-label indications, e.g. sleep)
8. Ability to provide informed consent

1. The patient reports or medical records state a serious neurological or endocrine disorder at screening that the investigator determines could interfere with the interpretation of the efficacy or safety measurements
2. An abnormal EKG at screening that the investigator determines could interfere with the interpretation of the efficacy or safety measurements
3. Any medical condition which requires treatment with a medication with psychotropic effects.
4. Significant risk of suicidal or homicidal behavior (i.e. 'severe' risk on the Columbia Suicide Scale, a 'hostility' score of 7 on the BPRS, or an answer of 'yes' on questions 4,5 or 6 on the CDSS).
5. Cognitive limitations, or any other factor that would preclude potential participants providing informed consent
6. Contraindications to MRI (e.g. pacemaker).
7. Meeting SCID-5 substance use disorder moderate or severe for any substance, other than nicotine within 3 months of screening visit. Meeting SCID5 substance use disorder mild for any substance other than cannabis, alcohol, or nicotine for less than 3 months prior to screening visit, or a positive urine baseline drug screen with a substance other than nicotine, alcohol, or cannabis
8. Suspected DSM5 intellectual disability based upon clinical interview and psychosocial history, as well as screening with the Weschler Test for Adult Reading (IQ score <71)
9. Prior psychosurgery
10. Pregnancy (self-report)
11. Seizure disorder (self-report)

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