Retro-active Immunological Tolerance in Patients With Well-functioning Pre-existing HLA-identical Kidney Transplants
a study on Kidney Disease Immunological Tolerance Kidney Transplant Transplants Chronic Kidney Disease End Stage Renal Disease
Summary
- Eligibility
- for people ages 18 years and up (full criteria)
- Healthy Volunteers
- healthy people welcome
- Location
- at UCLA
- Dates
- study startedestimated completion
- Principal Investigator
- by Jeffrey Veale, MD (ucla)
Description
Summary
The study seeks to determine if patients with a pre-existing, well-functioning kidney transplant from a HLA-identical living donor can be withdrawn from immunosuppressive medications without compromising allograft function through hematopoietic stem cell (HPSC) infusion from the same donor. HPSC infusion will be preceded by a conditioning regimen of total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) and rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (rATG).
Official Title
A Single-armed, Unblinded, Non-randomized Feasibility Study of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Infusion Following a Conditioning Regimen of Total Lymphoid Irradiation (TLI) and Anti-thymocyte Globulin (ATG) in Patients With a Pre-existing, Well-functioning HLA-identical Kidney Transplant
Details
Immunological tolerance through combined kidney and HPSC transplant has been demonstrated at few centers of excellence within the United States. The ultimate aim of these protocols is to liberate patients from lifelong immunosuppression. Thus far, protocols have been limited to HLA-identical donor recipient pairs, undergoing simultaneous kidney transplant and HPSC infusion. In all protocols, the recipient undergoes a conditioning regimen to optimize engraftment. Our protocol employs a conditioning regimen of TLI and ATG.
There are many more patients with pre-existing well-functioning HLA-identical kidney transplants than those who present de novo for participation in tolerance trials. Despite this, post hoc tolerance induction through HPSC infusion in patients with a pre-existing kidney transplant has not yet been performed. Given the demonstrated success of tolerance protocols in simultaneous haploidentical kidney and HPSC transplant, the next logical step is to demonstrate that tolerance can be induced in the much greater subset of patients with pre-existing kidney transplants.
This study employs an established protocol for immunological tolerance induction in patients with a pre-existing, well- functioning kidney transplant from their haploidentical donor. These patients will undergo a conditioning with TLI and ATG, followed by infusion of HPSC from the same HLA-identical donor that provided the original kidney. The Investigators call this process "retroactive tolerance induction."
The investigators will evaluate whether recipients can be withdrawn from immunosuppressive drugs without compromising allograft function. At serial time points, (1) graft function will be monitored, and (2) chimerism will be measured in recipient whole blood and white blood cell subsets. Weaning of tacrolimus will begin at 6 months, with a goal of drug discontinuation within 12 months if the following conditions are met: (1) chimerism (defined as ≥1% donor type cells among the T cells, B cells, NK cells, and granulocytes) is detectable for at least 180 days after CD34+ and CD3+ cell infusion, (2) stable graft function (defined as eGFR >30 mL/min and no greater than sustained 30% change over 3 months from baseline) without clinical rejection episodes is maintained, and (3) there is no evidence of graft vs. host disease (GVHD).
Keywords
End Stage Kidney Disease, Immunological Tolerance, Kidney Transplant Failure and Rejection, Chronic Kidney Diseases, kidney transplant, tolerance, end stage renal disease, chronic kidney disease, Kidney Diseases, Chronic Renal Insufficiency, Chronic Kidney Failure, Conditioning and Stem cell infusion, Immune tolerance in HLA-identical kidney transplant recipient
Eligibility
For people ages 18 years and up
Recipient Inclusion Criteria:
- Males and females ages 18 years and older with a pre- existing kidney transplant from an HLA-identical living donor.
- Pre-existing living kidney transplant must be within 3 months to 5 years from date of scheduled HPSC infusion.
- No history of rejection with current HLA matched kidney transplant.
- Recipient is without post-transplant major complications, including de novo malignancy, active infection or rejection.
- Stable renal function for a minimum of 3 months, defined as no change in creatinine exceeding 30% of baseline.
- Agreement to participate in the study and ability to give informed consent.
- Meets institutional criteria for HSPC infusion.
- Resides or is willing to stay within 3 hours distance from UCLA Medical Center by ground transportation for the first six months of the trial.
- No known contraindication to administration of rATG or radiation.
- If patient is a female of reproductive potential (i.e., no documented absence of ovaries or uterus, history of tubal ligation, or post-menopausal status) patient must be confirmed not pregnant by a serum or urine pregnancy test) and must agree to practice a reliable form of contraception including hormonal treatments, barrier methods or intrauterine device for at least 12 months post-transplant. Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) ≥ 70.
- Adequate cardiac function defined as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 40% by MUGA (Multi Gated Acquisition) scan or echocardiogram.
- Adequate liver function defined as total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 times the upper limit of normal and AST/ALT ≤ 2.0 times the upper limit of normal.
Recipient Exclusion Criteria:
- Donor is identical twin.
- ABO incompatibility with donor
- History of multi-organ transplantation
- History of rejection with current HLA matched kidney transplant
- Known allergy to rabbit proteins
- History of malignancy within the past 5 years with the exception of non-melanomatous skin cancer and low risk, early-stage malignancy with ≥90% 5-year survival not receiving chemotherapy or immunotherapy.
History of post-transplant major complications, including de novo malignancy, active/chronic infection or rejection, with the exception of low risk, early-stage malignancy with
≥90% 5-year survival not receiving chemotherapy or immunotherapy and non-melanomatous skin cancer.
- Worsening renal functioning over preceding 3-month interval, defined as eGFR exceeding 30% of baseline value.
- Pregnant (confirmed by urine or serum pregnancy test) or lactating.
- Leukopenia (with a white blood cell count < 3,000/µL) or thrombocytopenia (with a platelet count < 70,000/µL).
- EBV, CMV and BK PCR negative at time of HPSC infusion is preferred, but if they have had a history of + CMV/BK PCR, it should be resolved by 3 months.
- Active bacterial, fungal, mycobacterial, or viral infection (including active hepatitis B and/or C).
- Seropositivity for HIV 1 or 2 by 4th generation serum antibody/antigen testing, or HTLV I or II by serum antibody testing.
- Renal disease with high risk of recurrence (i.e., focal segmental glomerulosclerosis).
- Advanced hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis secondary to hepatitis B and/or C diagnosis.
- Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, or cardiac arrhythmia; active extra-renal autoimmune disease requiring immunosuppression.
- Active extra-renal autoimmune disease requiring immunosuppression.
- Neuropsychiatric illness that precludes the ability to give informed consent and/or places the patient as high risk for non-compliance with the safety monitoring requirements of the study.
- May not have received immunotherapy drugs such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g. pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and ipilimumab), tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, rituximab, and interleukin-2 within 1 year of the study treatment.
- Current or active abuse of alcohol and/or drugs within last 6 months.
- Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 40.
Donor Inclusion Criteria:
- HLA-identical sibling on high-resolution HLA typing who is ≥18 years of age.
- Must meet institutional criteria for HSPC transplant donation.
- Medically fit to tolerate peripheral blood apheresis, including weighing ≥110 pounds, hemoglobin ≥ 12 g/dL for women and 14 g/dL for men, white blood cell count ≥ 3,000/µL, and platelets ≥ 110,000/µL.
- Serum creatinine as expected post-kidney donation and coagulation parameter studies; or, if abnormal, the changes are not considered clinically significant.
Donor Exclusion Criteria
- Recipient is identical twin.
- ABO incompatibility with recipient.
- Medically unfit to tolerate peripheral blood apheresis (e.g. small body size, poor vascular access, not a suitable candidate for placement of a central catheter).
- Pregnant (confirmed by urine or serum pregnancy test) or lactating.
- Seropositivity for HIV 1 or 2 by 4th generation serum antibody/antigen testing, HTLV I or II by serum antibody testing, or West Nile Virus by serum IgM and PCR.
- Active bacterial, fungal, mycobacterial or viral infection (including active hepatitis B and/or C).
- Psychiatric, addictive, neurological, or other disorder that compromises ability to give true informed consent for participation in this study.
- History of malignant disease within the last 5 years other than non-melanoma skin malignancies or low risk, early-stage malignancy with ≥90% 5-year survival not receiving chemotherapy or immunotherapy.
- No current or recent use of oral anti-coagulants. (For the purpose of this study, recent is defined as less than 60 days prior to apheresis.). Note: Use of aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, for pain and inflammation management purposes, are permitted to enroll in the study, but these drugs must be stopped 14 days prior to apheresis, however subjects who are taking aspirin for its anti-platelet/anti-thrombotic effect, are excluded.
Location
- UCLA
accepting new patients
Los Angeles California 90095 United States
Lead Scientist at University of California Health
- Jeffrey Veale, MD (ucla)
Professor-in-Residence, Urology, Medicine. Authored (or co-authored) 56 research publications
Details
- Status
- accepting new patients
- Start Date
- Completion Date
- (estimated)
- Sponsor
- University of California, Los Angeles
- ID
- NCT05525507
- Phase
- Phase 1 research study
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Participants
- Expecting 10 study participants
- Last Updated